The dynamics of global conflict in the modern era reflect the complexity of international relations which are influenced by political, economic, social and technological factors. Various conflicts have emerged, both inter-state and internal, with far-reaching impacts on world stability. One of the main factors that triggers conflict is the shift in global power. Countries such as China and India are increasingly asserting their influence, which is creating tensions with traditional powers such as the United States. Economic and military rivalries between these countries often lead to geopolitical tensions, as in the case of the South China Sea, involving overlapping territorial claims. Ideological conflict also plays an important role. The struggle between democracy and authoritarianism is in the global spotlight. A concrete example can be seen in Russia’s foreign policy and the reaction of Western countries to it. Defiance of international norms, such as the attack on Ukraine, exacerbates tensions between world blocs. Apart from that, the issue of climate change is becoming a new source of conflict. Competition for natural resources, such as water and agricultural land, is intensifying with population growth and the impact of climate change. Countries experiencing drought or natural disasters often struggle to gain access to resources, which can lead to tensions between countries. Conflicts can also be exacerbated by social factors, including extremism. The increase in terrorist groups in various parts of the world adds to the complexity. An example is the conflict in the Middle East, which involved the intervention of various countries with varying goals: some wanted to stop extremism, while others had strategic interests in the area. The role of technology in modern conflict cannot be ignored either. Cyber warfare is becoming a new weapon in international conflict, where countries carry out cyber attacks to damage infrastructure or steal information. This creates conditions where conflict is no longer focused solely on the physical battlefield. In response to these dynamics, international organizations face challenges in mediation and conflict resolution. The UN, for example, tries to fulfill its role, but is often hampered by the veto of permanent members of the Security Council. The existence of regional institutions, such as the European Union and ASEAN, also provides alternatives in resolving conflict, although with varying effectiveness. Globalization, with all its advances, also has positive and negative impacts on conflict. On the one hand, interactions between countries can create dialogue and cooperation. On the other hand, emerging economic inequality and social injustice can trigger societal dissatisfaction, leading to larger-scale protests and conflicts. In the overall analysis, the dynamics of global conflict in the modern era are very complex and require an innovative approach. Interrelated factors create new challenges for international diplomacy and security. Efforts to understand and respond to this conflict require cross-country cooperation and inclusive strategies to create sustainable peace.